Question 16. How should the Local Plan help us achieve 'good growth' that promotes wellbeing and social inclusion?

Health provision in Planning Health provision should be integrated with the needs of the population. The identified priorities of the STP are as follows: • Integrated out of hospital care. Focusing on population needs, we will join up out-of-hospital services more effectively, building on the foundations of strong primary care and providing additional support where necessary. • Outpatient transformation. We will change the way we deliver our outpatient services to ensure that our patients are seen by the right professionals in the right places. • Redesigning care pathways to improve efficiency and reduce unwarranted variation. We will improve the quality of the care we provide by reducing variations in the way services are delivered, adopting best practice. • Making the most of our assets. We will identify opportunities to make the best use of our high fixed cost assets, including estates and digital infrastructure. The STP wishes to be closely involved with the development of the new Greater Cambridge Local Plan to ensure the best possible health outcomes are a key part of the plan and that health infrastructure is given appropriate priority in planning decision making. The STP is developing its strategy in this area and is looking to appoint a single point of contact to engage on policy development, Local Plans, planning applications and CIL/S106. We will contact the Greater Cambridge Planning Service in due course. As part of this, the NHS system is working towards the development of some model Local Plan policies which we would wish to see incorporated in all Local Plans, to promote health, wellbeing and social inclusion and to contribute to Great Places. We would be pleased to engage further with the Greater Cambridge Planning Service to support preparation of policies for the new Local Plan. Housing in the right place that NHS staff can afford The STP represents all of the NHS partners across Cambridgeshire and Peterborough. Affordable housing is a key priority for the STP and a real concern to all of us, affecting our ability to recruit and retain core staff. We note and support the research which has been commissioned by Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and support expanding this research to include other NHS partners. The issues highlighted in the CUH research are equally applicable to other NHS organisations including the Ambulance Trust, Clinical Commissioning Group etc. This research highlights the need for the Councils’ evidence base and housing policies to address this important issue.

Thakeham is of the view that the Councils’ should ensure the Local Plan locates new development where it can bring wider benefits to existing communities in terms of access to services, facilities and green space. Development should also enable access to new employment spaces for both existing and new communities. Thakeham urge the Councils’ to allocate development and growth across the wider district to include villages, in order to allow them to grow and thrive in accordance with Paragraph 78 of the NPPF. The allocation of larger developments adjacent to village settlements can deliver much-needed affordable housing and infrastructure such as access to employment, open space, and other community facilities in rural areas. This will enable the benefits of economic growth of the district to be felt by rural communities. Development within existing villages will provide financial support for local infrastructure and increase demand to support local services that are at risk from closure. Please refer to the appended Vision Document titled 'Land east of Long Road, Comberton' produced by Thakeham.

5.1 Section 8 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) is entitled ‘Promoting healthy and safe communities.’ Paragraph 91 requires that planning policies should achieve healthy, inclusive and safe places. This includes promoting places that create social interaction; are safe and accessible; and enable and support healthy lifestyles. 5.2 Section 4.3 of the Issues and Options document, states that Cambridge is one of the most unequal cities in the UK. Indeed, the Cities Outlook 2019 Report, produced by Centre for Cities, states that Cambridge has the 3rd highest housing affordability ratio (average house prices to average wage) in Great Britain. 5.3 Our client supports and endorses the Issues and Options document in that it states that the Greater Cambridge Local Plan (GCLP) can be a ‘powerful tool’ to improve wellbeing and social inclusion. The GCLP has the opportunity to assist in the reduction of inequality and boosting the wellbeing of residents in inner city areas and across South Cambridgeshire by boosting the supply of market and affordable housing, supporting local services, improving infrastructure, enhancing job creation and protecting the environment. 5.4 Central to achieving ‘good growth’ is ensuring the most sustainable and suitable sites are allocated for residential development through the emerging GCLP. It is vital that the GCLP allocates sites for residential development in sustainable locations where residents have convenient access to local shops, services and recreation opportunities; and sustainable travel links to larger centres which offer a comprehensive range of facilities and major public transport links. In addition, proposed allocations also need to demonstrate that they will promote wellbeing and social inclusion through the provision of a varied housing mix which includes market and affordable housing; and through the creation of sensitively designed layouts which promote cycling, walking, recreation opportunities and high quality modern housing that residents can be proud of. Such schemes will attract house buyers ranging from young families through to the elderly who are seeking to downsize and thus create a balanced community. 5.5 Our client’s site at Ambrose Way, Impington is fully capable of delivering on the requirements and goals outlined above. This is evident from the site’s sustainable location in Impington, and by the submitted Framework Plan which provides an indicative layout of a potential scheme capable of delivering up to 190 new homes, open space, play space and landscaping. 5.6 The site’s allocation in the GCLP and subsequent delivery would result in ‘good growth’ and fully address and indeed boost wellbeing and social inclusion in South Cambridgeshire.

4.16 The Local plan should include a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Policies should also highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.17 Good growth that promotes wellbeing (including health) should be inclusive and include antipoverty measures including: ● Energy efficient homes and employment space that deliver low energy and water bills; ● Promotion of commercial development and job creation that offers the Living Wage and opportunities for those on lower incomes to increase wages to easily access jobs; ● Allow for a wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; ● Promotion of low cost housing proportionate to income in the area; and ● Promotion of ‘fully accessible’ social housing, within active travel of employment. 4.18 The Local Plan should include for a policy framework that requires a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) throughout the Greater Cambridge area, using a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) methodology that reflects best practice. Thresholds for HIAs should reflect the scale of the scheme and its ability to effect health outcomes. 4.19 The Local plan should ensure a policy framework is developed that is based on empirical evidence of how good growth is delivered, rather than rely on policies based on perceived, and sometimes unproven, determinants of wellbeing and social inclusion. Policies should focus on what really makes a difference. 4.20 Engagement with the combined authority, county council and Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) will also be required to understand community care and primary health care issues and needs, and to ensure facilities are available to deliver funded services.

2.26. The promotion of social inclusion in Cambridgeshire is an important consideration. The provision of larger housing sites which deliver a range of house types, including affordable housing, provides opportunities for new inclusive neighbourhoods. Particularly if new residential development is well related to existing community facilities such as schools and in accessible locations. Access to public transport is a key measure for social inclusion. In less affluent households, a second car is often not available, limiting the ability of the household to access additional jobs.

4.18 The Local plan should include a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Policies should also highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.19 The Local Plan should include for a policy framework that requires a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) throughout the Greater Cambridge area, using a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) methodology that reflects best practice. Thresholds for HIAs should reflect the scale of the scheme and its ability to effect health outcomes. 4.20 The Local plan should ensure a policy framework is developed that is based on empirical evidence of how good growth is delivered, rather than rely on policies based on perceived, and sometimes unproven, determinants of wellbeing and social inclusion. Policies should focus on what really makes a difference. 4.21 Engagement with the combined authority, county council and Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) will also be required to understand community care and primary health care issues and needs, and to ensure facilities are available to deliver funded services. 4.22 For reference as to how Land to the south of Station Road, Harston could help achieve ‘good growth’ please refer to Section 2 of these representations, the emerging concept proposal prepared by Bidwells and the Ecology Report prepared by Applied Ecology. 4.23 Good growth that promotes wellbeing (including health) should be inclusive and include antipoverty measures. The proposed residential development on the site would help to promote measures to improve welling by including of anti-poverty measures including: ● Energy efficient homes that deliver low energy and water bills; ● Access and walkability to local services; ● Access to key cycle routes to enable health means of travel to employment areas; ● Promotion of low-cost housing proportionate to income in the area; ● Allow for a wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; and ● Promotion of ‘fully accessible’ social housing, within active travel of employment.

5.19 The Local Plan should deliver a spatial strategy that connects homes with accessibility to good quality public transport, facilities and services and high-quality green spaces. 5.20 Good growth that promotes wellbeing (including health) should be inclusive and include antipoverty measures including: ● Energy efficient homes and employment space that deliver low energy and water bills; ● Promotion of commercial development and job creation that offers the Living Wage and opportunities for those on lower incomes to increase wages to easily access jobs; ● Allow for a wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; ● Promotion of low-cost housing proportionate to income in the area; and ● Promotion of ‘fully accessible’ social housing. 5.21 The Local plan should ensure a policy framework is developed that is based on empirical evidence of how good growth is delivered, rather than rely on policies based on perceived, and sometimes unproven, determinants of wellbeing and social inclusion. Policies should focus on what really makes a difference. Housing in rural areas should be part of the council’s strategic response to the need for new homes.

4.24 It is essential that the strategy for growth is flexible to allow the promotion of well-being and social inclusion across the Greater Cambridge Area. This is supported by the NPPF that requires Local Plans to achieve healthy, inclusive and safe places. 4.25 In relation to existing settlements, unless an element of growth is allowed, they will become stagnant with little opportunity to improve the existing services and facilities. Development that would support improvement to existing sustainable locations should therefore be supported. This would require a flexible approach to settlement hierarchy and a step change to the major focus at present on Cambridge itself and the associated pull of the city. Whilst the councils’ current approach has focused on larger scale developments to create new communities, this takes time and ignores the opportunities for improving existing villages and the specific issues facing residents living in rural communities. Within these areas, the promotion of well-being and social inclusion along with the opportunity to ensure places are safe and accessible so that the fear of crime does not undermine quality of life should also be considered. 4.26 The land the subject of these representations would support the approach to development within the GCLP as it would provide the opportunity to provide a range of housing and employment land that would meet the various needs of the community and improve accessibility. There is further land available that would improve the footpath and cycle links between Meldreth and Melbourn and the linkages to the Station. This would improve safety, accessibility and support healthy lifestyles through the provision of greenspaces within the development and improve opportunities to walk and cycle in the area. The key improvements would be access to the station and links for pupils to Melbourn Village College.

It is considered that meeting housing and affordable housing needs is part of the well-being and social inclusion theme because housing falls within the social objective of sustainable development (as set out in Paragraph 8 of the NPPF). There are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. Paragraph 8 and Chapter 8 of the NPPF identifies the other factors that relate to the wellbeing and social inclusion theme, which are about creating well-designed and safe developments, providing access to services and facilities, and providing open space. It is suggested that to achieve ‘good growth’ the emerging GCLP will need to allocate suitable sites that deliver housing and affordable housing, are accessible to services and facilities, include open space and recreation facilities. The promoted development at land off Royston Road in Foxton would include housing and affordable housing, open space and other green infrastructure. The promoted development would support the existing services and facilities within Foxton.

It is considered that meeting housing and affordable housing needs is part of the well-being and social inclusion theme because housing falls within the social objective of sustainable development (as set out in Paragraph 8 of the NPPF). There are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. Paragraph 8 and Chapter 8 of the NPPF identifies the other factors that relate to the wellbeing and social inclusion theme, which are about creating well-designed and safe developments, providing access to services and facilities, and providing open space. It is suggested that to achieve ‘good growth’ the emerging GCLP will need to allocate suitable sites that deliver housing and affordable housing, are accessible to services and facilities, include open space and recreation facilities. The promoted development at land west of Linton would provide additional housing and affordable housing for Linton. There are limited opportunities for infill development within the development framework boundary of the village, and residential developments have been granted planning permission on sites outside the boundary in the last few years. The proposed development would include significant areas of public open space, green infrastructure and biodiversity enhancements. This approach to the proposed development would ensure that the proposals created an environment that would have a positive impact on the well-being of future residents. The proposed development would also support existing services and facilities in Linton. Linton is defined as a Minor Rural Centre in South Cambridgeshire District Council's current settlement hierarchy and therefore sits towards the top of the Council’s settlement hierarchy. It is considered that the promoted developments would contribute towards ‘good growth’ for Linton and for Greater Cambridge.

It is considered that meeting housing and affordable housing needs is part of the well-being and social inclusion theme because housing falls within the social objective of sustainable development (as set out in Paragraph 8 of the NPPF). There are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. Paragraph 8 and Chapter 8 of the NPPF identifies the other factors that relate to the wellbeing and social inclusion theme, which are about creating well-designed and safe developments, providing access to services and facilities, and providing open space. It is suggested that to achieve ‘good growth’ the emerging GCLP will need to allocate suitable sites that deliver housing and affordable housing, are accessible to services and facilities, include open space and recreation facilities. The sites promoted by EDBF are typically located within and on the edge of villages. It is considered that additional residential development in these villages would support the existing services and facilities within those villages and maintain their vitality and viability, which is consistent with Paragraph 78 of the NPPF. It is considered that the sites promoted for development by EDBF would contribute towards ‘good growth’ for those villages and for Greater Cambridge.

In terms of well-being ‘Good growth’ must include policies that preserve existing Protecting Open Spaces of environmental and or recreational value, and explicitly recognise that well-being is promoted by views and vistas of green spaces, including those in private ownership, such as college paying fields which may not be home to protected species but provide a green lung in the urban texture.

4.22 The Local plan should include a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Policies should also highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.23 The redevelopment of the Travis Perkins site with a high density mixed use development can help achieve ‘good growth’ that promotes wellbeing (including health) through the following inclusive and anti-poverty measures: ● Energy efficient homes and that delivers low energy and water bills; ● Promotion of commercial development and job creation that offers the Living Wage and opportunities for those on lower incomes to increase wages to easily access jobs; ● A wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; and ● Promotion of rented accommodation that meets an identified need for housing that is proportionate to income.

3.28 Grosvenor is committed to bringing forward developments which reflect the principles of social sustainability, good growth and wellbeing amongst local residents. ‘Good growth’ can be achieved through creating compact development sites with highly sustainable accessibility and opportunities for on site community initiatives. 3.29 The provision of a range of homes for all parts of the community, including affordable and specialist housing. Easy access to local services and amenities creates inclusiveness, which helps to foster wellbeing. Encouraging travel by sustainable modes of transport, including walking, cycling, public transport and electric vehicles, which would also encourage active lifestyles and reduce carbon emissions, leading to positive effects on health. 3.30 As mentioned throughout these representations, Trumpington South will develop a sense of identity, promote healthy lifestyles and active public spaces and provide the right community infastructure to promote well being and social inclusion. 3.31 Techcnial assessments in relation to noise and air quality have been prepared by BuroHappold in support of these representations, to demonstrate that the proposed development at Trumpington South is suitable and deliverable in relation to noise and air quality. Noise and air quality considerations are intrinsically linked to the well-being and health of existing and future residents and will be considered in greater detail as the design process for this proposal evolves. 3.32 The M11 is associated with poorer levels of air quality and higher levels of noise. The Noise Feasibility Study prepared by Buro Happold confirms that the masterplan for Trumpington South proposes residential properties approximately 200m away from this source. The Study demonstrates that target internal and external ambient noise levels can be achieved, when considering the proposed masterplan and the existing consented bund, along the southern site boundary adjacent to the M11. The study also demonstrates that incorporating future massing and design considerations (i.e. glazing treatments) can provide further mitigation. The Air Quality Assessment, also prepared by Buro Happold, concludes that the air quality impacts associated with emissions from surrounding roads on future site occupants will not be significant, and similarly provides a range of further mitigation measures, some of which are already demonstrated in the proposals for Trumpington South. 3.33 The masterplan also seeks to discourage private cars and encourage active transport (walking and cycling) and public transport, with the implementation of car-free zones, Electric Vehicle charging infrastructure and centralised parking locations. The proposed masterplan also incorporates other elements that will have a positive impact on air quality and noise, including zero-carbon homes in operation and extensive tree planting across the site.

4.25 The Local plan should include a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Policies should also highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.26 The extension of Papworth Village and Papworth Business Park by VJF would help to promote measures to improve welling by including of anti-poverty measures including: ● Energy efficient homes that deliver low energy and water bills; ● Access and walkability to local services for residents and workers; ● Enhanced local facilities; ● Access to key cycle routes to enable health means of travel to employment areas; and ● Promotion of low-cost housing proportionate to income in the area. 4.27 Extending Papworth to the west to include residential development and expanding the existing business park to the east has the potential to achieve ‘good growth’ that promotes wellbeing and social inclusion, as outlined below. These benefits also serve to reinforce the potential of the site for employment densification: ● Securing improvements in air quality through promotion of development that is not overly reliant on car use to ease congestion by locating development in a location which can fully utilise the existing and proposed transport connections in and around Papworth; ● Encouraging healthy lifestyles through provision of employment opportunities in an accessible location by low-carbon modes to encourage active travel; ● Proximity to local services and amenities bringing opportunities for social interaction and community development; ● Opportunities for new build design to provide all-electric heating and hot water systems to avoid the on-site combustion of fossil fuels; ● Creation of a safe and inclusive community through provision of a wide range of jobs; and ● Creation of high quality buildings and public realm which offers natural sociability, interaction and access to nature. 4.28 For further reference as to how land at Papworth could help achieve ‘good growth’ please refer to the Vision Document prepared by Bidwells UDS, the Transport Appraisal prepared by EAS, and the Preliminary Ecological Appraisal prepared by Ecology Solutions.

3.28 Grosvenor is committed to bringing forward developments which reflect the principles of social sustainability, good growth and wellbeing amongst local residents. ‘Good growth’ can be achieved through creating compact development sites with highly sustainable accessibility and opportunities for on site community initiatives. 3.29 The provision of a range of homes for all parts of the community, including affordable and specialist housing. Easy access to local services and amenities creates inclusiveness, which helps to foster wellbeing. Encouraging travel by sustainable modes of transport, including walking, cycling, public transport and electric vehicles, which would also encourage active lifestyles and reduce carbon emissions, leading to positive effects on health. 3.30 As mentioned throughout these representations, Trumpington South will develop a sense of identity, promote healthy lifestyles and active public spaces and provide the right community infastructure to promote well being and social inclusion. 3.31 Techcnial assessments in relation to noise and air quality have been prepared by BuroHappold in support of these representations, to demonstrate that the proposed development at Trumpington South is suitable and deliverable in relation to noise and air quality. Noise and air quality considerations are intrinsically linked to the well-being and health of existing and future residents and will be considered in greater detail as the design process for this proposal evolves. 3.32 The M11 is associated with poorer levels of air quality and higher levels of noise. The Noise Feasibility Study prepared by Buro Happold confirms that the masterplan for Trumpington South proposes residential properties approximately 200m away from this source. The Study demonstrates that target internal and external ambient noise levels can be achieved, when considering the proposed masterplan and the existing consented bund, along the southern site boundary adjacent to the M11. The study also demonstrates that incorporating future massing and design considerations (i.e. glazing treatments) can provide further mitigation. The Air Quality Assessment, also prepared by Buro Happold, concludes that the air quality impacts associated with emissions from surrounding roads on future site occupants will not be significant, and similarly provides a range of further mitigation measures, some of which are already demonstrated in the proposals for Trumpington South. 3.33 The masterplan also seeks to discourage private cars and encourage active transport (walking and cycling) and public transport, with the implementation of car-free zones, Electric Vehicle charging infrastructure and centralised parking locations. The proposed masterplan also incorporates other elements that will have a positive impact on air quality and noise, including zero-carbon homes in operation and extensive tree planting across the site.

Grosvenor is committed to bringing forward developments which reflect the principles of social sustainability, good growth and wellbeing amongst local residents. ‘Good growth’ can be achieved through creating compact development sites with high accessibility and opportunities to on site community initiatives. It is obvious that ‘good growth’ includes the provision of a range of homes for all parts of the community, including affordable and specialist housing. Other measures include: easy access to local services and amenities creates inclusiveness, which helps to foster wellbeing; encouraging travel by sustainable modes of transport, including walking, cycling, public transport and electric vehicles, which would also encourage active lifestyles and reduce carbon emissions, leading to positive effects to health and wellbeing.

Place and space have an impact on wellbeing and social inclusion; and individual actions to improve wellbeing are influenced by the environmental, social and socioeconomic context in which they take place. Planning and Wellbeing need to be considered together in two ways: • Creating environments that support and encourage wellbeing and social inclusion, • Identifying and securing the facilities, services and activities which not only meets the needs of the population but takes action to prevent trends of poor health and wellbeing evidenced in larger development. (taking into account the changing needs of the population). The National Planning Policy Framework states that planning policies should: "promote social interaction, including opportunities for meetings between people who might not otherwise come into contact with each other – for example through mixed-use developments, strong neighbourhood centres, street layouts that allow for easy pedestrian and cycle connections within and between neighbourhoods, and active street frontages." (Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government 2019). In addition, the NHS Healthy New Towns Framework recommends ten principles for creating healthy new towns which include: "connect, involve and empower people and communities" (NHS England 2019). The Cambridgeshire Supporting New Communities Strategy talks of the need to kick-start social action and foster the sense of place in order for communities to form and thrive. Promoting Wellbeing - Loneliness and social isolation are public health problems that are getting progressively higher on the public and political agendas. In addition to profound effects on mental wellbeing, loneliness has also been found to be associated with an increased risk of mortality by over a quarter - making it at least as bad as risk factors like obesity, smoking and alcohol (J Holt-Lunstad 2015). As society moves increasingly towards digital technologies and social media, efforts to foster social connectedness are progressively more important. When talking about loneliness, many people think immediately about older people, particularly in rural locations. Whilst they do represent a high-risk group, recent data from the Office for National Statistics show that the prevalence of loneliness amongst children and young people is also high: around 10%. This rises to 20% in cities, and almost 30% of deprived children (Office for National Statistics 2018). Moving to a new community isolates people from their normal support networks. Much of the research into new towns or new communities has established clear links between loneliness, poor mental health and antisocial behaviours with a lack of community cohesion and social networks which are greatly influenced by lack of access to community facilities and supportive services. In small isolated social groups, as you would see in a new community, social behaviours can become entrenched (Durkheim, 1972). If negative social behaviours become engrained early on, they are likely to be passed on to newcomers and will be difficult to change. The transient nature of new communities, due to high levels of private renting, local stigmas attached to tenure type and different population characteristics to the surrounding area add to the difficulty in residents making connections and identifying with the wider community. Investing in supporting the formation of social networks in the larger developments will have considerable benefits to the community and the wider Greater Cambridge area as a whole. People who have strong social capital tend to overall have greater wellbeing, are happier, contribute to the local economy and are able to manage and improve their own health, situation and have a greater sense of belonging (CCC/NHS, 2010). Social networks help form a cohesive community that is resilient and more likely to intervene if they see problem behaviour taking place (known as ‘collective efficacy’), such as intervening if they see a child being harmed in the street; there is also a link to lower crime and anti-social behaviour, and lower perceptions of crime and disorder (Young Foundation, 2012). The local plan should recognised the need for early and adequate provision of formal and informal community spaces (e.g. community hubs, pubs, sports provision (includign walking routes), play areas and youth provision such as (well-lit) skate parks), provision for health/social care services (e.g Primary Care and Community health service, Libraries and Child & Family Centres) understanding and supporting interim or meanwhile provision may be appropriate during the early stages of development. The Local plan should include policies to require additional community development and specialist early intervention health and social care support to resident, as this is particularly important to bridge the gap before the community has developed the capacity to be more self-supporting. Age-Friendly Developments - The official population forecasts for the Greater Cambridge area predict that the number of people aged 85 and over will increase by 130.9% by 2036 (based on 2016 as the baseline), whilst the number of people aged 65 and over will increase by 60.9%, and the proportion of people of all ages will increase by only 23.7%. This means that an increasing proportion of our local population will be made up of older people - and in particular, the oldest old. This is reflected in the draft Health and Wellbeing strategy - priority area 3: staying well throughout life, including supporting older people to live independently for as long as possible. Therefore the local plan should include policies to require the inclusion of age-friendly design. Examples of age friendly principles include: building age-friendly homes, incorporating seating into the street furniture , dementia friendly street design to aid navigation, making local shops and facilities accessible by public transport within a development, traffic calming, and ensuring sufficient provision of age appropriate housing including mix of tenure and type from market housing to extra care units and everything inbetween. The World Health Organisation has developed a Global Network for Age-Friendly Cities and Communities, including several in the UK. Through this initiative, several resources have been developed to share good practice, and support cities wanting to pursue age-friendly development - and are freely available online https://www.who.int/ageing/projects/age-friendly-cities-communities/en/ Positive Food Environment - Diet is a key determinant of general health and obesity levels. Obesity is an increasingly prevalent public health challenge that is linked with numerous conditions, including diabetes, heart disease and stroke. Dietary behaviours are influenced by exposure to one’s food environment (‘foodscape’), such as the density of fast food outlets and their proximity to homes and workplaces, and the relative availability and visibility of healthier food choices. Researchers characterised foodscape exposure in adults in three different settings: home, work and commuting journeys. Exposure to hot food takeaway outlets in all three settings was associated with greater consumption of takeaway food, and higher likelihood of obesity (T Burgoine 2014). in addition research which looked at over a million children in England and found that children living in areas surrounded by fast food outlets are more likely to be overweight or obese (A Jones 2014). The researchers compared the availability of unhealthy food from outlets including fish and chip shops, burger bars, pizza places, and sweet shops. The results showed that children living in more deprived areas with a higher density of unhealthy food outlets are more likely to be obese. This finding is made even more credible by the fact that the closer the proximity to a high density of unhealthy eating outlets, the greater the child's weight. Therefore the local plan should contain policies that restricts A5 uses, and promote a healthier food environments such as supporting community orchards and allotments

There are a number of gaps in service provision in the south of Cambridge. CEG is committed to delivering community infrastructure and doing so in the early phases of development. This is not only to support ‘pioneer’ families that move into the first phases of development, but to also support the existing local communities surrounding the site. Land to the South East of Cambridge could include the provision on site of a new dedicated community hub, primary school and local centres including shops and services. CEG is also committed to ensuring community engagement in the design process. Community involvement in the designs of schemes can foster community support and community ownership of a housing development. CEG will therefore work in partnership with the Council and local groups as it has done successfully on other sites across the country, but also locally in the development of the GB1 planning application.

24. Progressing a spatial strategy which links new homes with jobs, facilities/services, high-quality open spaces and public transport helps to achieve good growth. Allocating new development on the edge of established settlements fulfils these criteria by being accessible to an existing provision of facilities which can encourage walking and cycle and provide access to established jobs and social activities. 25. A further extension to Cambourne provides a perfect opportunity to deliver sustainable growth. By locating new development within access of established communities, best use can be made of existing resources with better opportunities for good levels of social inclusion and wellbeing. Cambourne is also set to be served by a new railway station and a metro link to Cambridge. This will provide public transport accessibility to Bedford, Cambridge, London and beyond. This level of connectivity and accessibility will promote unlimited opportunities for social inclusion.

4.22 ‘Good growth’ can be achieved by planning for new homes, jobs and communities in locations where residents have accessibility to high-quality public transport, new or existing health and community facilities and services, inviting public realms, green open spaces and a network of walking and cycling routes. 4.23 The new Local Plan should allocate sites which can deliver on these elements. For example, a new small-scale village settlement at Station Fields already benefits from being located adjacent to Foxton train station, the proposed Melbourn Greenway and an existing public right of way system which links into the surrounding villages. Furthermore, due to the size of the proposed development, there is greater scope to provide additional facilities and design features to promote wellbeing and social inclusion. 4.24 The new Local Plan should include policies to promote wellbeing and social inclusion. A clear, easy to use and implemented framework would be welcomed. Policies and guidance should reflect changing best practice and acknowledge the role of viability so that it does not constrain the delivery of housing and jobs.

A. Good growth can be achieved by progressing a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs, public transport, facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Allocating development on the edge of sustainable villages such as Gamlingay fulfils this criterion by being accessible to an existing provision of facilities which can encourage walking and cycle and provide access to established jobs and social activities. These sustainable edge of village locations will benefit significantly from the established community of the villages which encourages social inclusion and wellbeing.

2.24 As set out in the response to Question 7 it is suggested that meeting housing and affordable housing needs is part of the well-being and social inclusion theme, since housing falls within the social objective of sustainable development as contained in Paragraph 8 of the NPPF. There are substantial affordability issues in Greater Cambridge associated with the high cost of buying and renting housing, and those that cannot afford to live in Cambridge or South Cambridgeshire close to employment opportunities having to endure longer commuting. Therefore, ‘good growth’ must include meeting housing and affordable housing needs within emerging GCLP by allocating suitable sites that can meet those needs. 2.25 As set out in Paragraph 8 and Chapter 8 of the NPPF the other factors that relate to the wellbeing and social inclusion theme are about creating well-designed and safe developments, providing access to services and facilities, and providing open space. It is suggested that the emerging GCLP will need to allocate suitable sites that are accessible to services and facilities or can provide those facilities on site.

• Accessible transport is vital for wellbeing and inclusion in our community. · Lack of access to transport (due to affordability, unreliability or the non-existence of transport options) is preventing people from accessing education, work and social opportunities. · Safe, convenient and high-quality cycling infrastructure is fully accessible to people of all ages and abilities. That means more people will be able to cycle, leading to more social inclusion for people who cannot afford to drive or use public transport. · Accessible cycling infrastructure means more children and people with mobility issues will be able to freely move around our region. · Inclusive cycle parking design standards will provide places for people to securely park their larger or adapted cycles. Properly designed cycling infrastructure can also be well-utilised by people on mobility scooters, electric wheelchairs, wheelchairs and other mobility aids. · Some forms of transport can have negative impacts on wellbeing and inclusion. Living near motorways and busy roads reduces well-being. Housing should be designed to be on quiet, local roads with the minimal amount of motor-traffic. Schools should never be on major roads. · Busy roads are polluted, noisy, and unsafe. They divide communities and trap people in their homes. Planning policies must not allow busy roads to harm communities in the future, and help fix this problem in existing developments. · Making walking and cycling safer and more accessible will allow children to travel independently from their parents at an earlier age leading to improved emotional resilience.

Please see section 5.0 of the accompanying representations document. There are a number of gaps in service provision in the south of Cambridge. CEG is committed to delivering community infrastructure and doing so in the early phases of development. This is not only to support ‘pioneer’ families that move into the first phases of development, but to also support the existing local communities surrounding the site. Land to the South East of Cambridge could include the provision on site of a new dedicated community hub, primary school and local centres including shops and services. CEG is also committed to ensuring community engagement in the design process. Community involvement in the designs of schemes can foster community support and community ownership of a housing development. CEG will therefore work in partnership with the Council and local groups as it has done successfully on other sites across the country, but also locally in the development of the GB1 planning application.

Access to employment and housing are prime drivers of people’s health and wellbeing . Planning for a growing economy and sufficient new homes are critical for health and social inclusion. The Local Plan should deliver a spatial strategy that connects homes with accessibility to good quality public transport, jobs, facilities and services and high-quality green spaces. Development at the scale of the new community proposed at the Six Mile Bottom Estate would see the creation of new on-site infrastructure, including open space and a GP surgery, with positive effects on public health. The new community will allow for a range of services and facilities to be designed in a way that encourages walking and cycling. Through co-operation with key stakeholders’, facilities can be provided as the new population grows. The proposal for a new community at the Six Mile Bottom Estate can be delivered in line with the NHS Healthy New Town Initiative which is underpinned by the principles of creating healthier and connected communities with integrated and high-quality services. As the master developer on Northstowe Phase 1, L&Q Estates are experienced in the delivery of healthy communities and promoting inclusive communities The Local Plan should also establish a policy framework that allows for innovative ways to deliver ‘affordable housing’ across tenure types. The plan should facilitate home ownership, by supporting initiatives such as Discounted Market for Sale, shared ownership and first buy as part of the affordable mix. Housing mix policies should also be flexible to allow for the right homes to come forward in the right location. Again, development of the scale proposed at Six Mile Bottom will allow the councils to facilitate a significant number of affordable homes to address affordability across the area. A proposal of the scale of that at Six Mille Bottom would allow for a mix of affordable housing types, as recognised in the Sustainability Appraisal, an alternative special approach based on densification would result in a high proportion of flats and therefore may not provide as large a range of housing type

The Local Plan should ensure that a variety of employment opportunities are available across the District for all members of the community. This includes protecting and enabling the growth of established and successful businesses in the District such as DB Group. DB Group operate in Bourn and undertake the following operations and processes: - Sand grading – filtering sand to provide different levels of fineness; - Production of additives used in concrete mixes – blending of powders from silo storage; -Warehousing – receipt and dispatch of goods either manufactured or purchased off site for resale. These uses, in combination, amount to B2 General Industrial use. The company currently employs 21 full time staff on site with a further 40 being primarily field based and visiting the site approximately once a week. The company’s expansion plans have the potential to create a further 16 jobs on site in the relatively near term and potentially more in the future. DB Group initiated an apprenticeship scheme for its contracting business in 2018, leading its first successful trainee to become a permanent employee now remunerated at levels on par with more experienced peers. Summer 2019 saw its first intern opportunities provided to sixth-form students, which it hopes to continue into the future.

Progressing a spatial strategy which links new homes with jobs, facilities/services, high-quality open spaces and public transport helps to achieve good growth. Allocating sensitive development on the edge of villages fulfils these criteria by being accessible to an existing provision of facilities which can encourage walking and cycle and provide access to established jobs and social act. By locating such development within established village communities, best use can be made of existing resources with less reliance and concerns on new housing being delivered before the necessary infrastructure to support it which is often a criticism of new settlements and large urban extensions. Additionally, the presence of an existing community structure means new development in these village locations have better opportunities for good levels of social inclusion and wellbeing.

4.22 The Local plan should include a spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. Policies should also highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.23 The redevelopment of the Travis Perkins site with a high density mixed use development can help achieve ‘good growth’ that promotes wellbeing (including health) through the following inclusive and anti-poverty measures: ● Energy efficient homes and that delivers low energy and water bills; ● Promotion of commercial development and job creation that offers the Living Wage and opportunities for those on lower incomes to increase wages to easily access jobs; ● A wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; and ● Promotion of rented accommodation that meets an identified need for housing that is proportionate to income.

4.11.1 Policies should highlight wellbeing and social inclusion as a key priority for new developments. 4.11.2 Good growth that promotes wellbeing (including health) should be inclusive and include antipoverty measures including: ● Energy efficient homes and employment space that deliver low energy and water bills; ● Promotion of commercial development and job creation that offers the Living Wage and opportunities for those on lower incomes to increase wages to easily access jobs; ● Allow for a wide range of social infrastructure and open space in new developments that provide pathways to free (i.e. no charge to the user) opportunities for improved health outcomes; ● Promotion of low cost housing proportionate to income in the area; Promotion of ‘fully accessible’ social housing, within active travel of employment; ● “ensure delivery of planned investment in transport infrastructure that improves connectivity between key employment locations and more deprived areas” Anti Poverty Strategy (DG23) 4.11.3 A spatial strategy that connects homes with jobs; good quality public transport; facilities/services and high-quality open spaces. 4.11.4 A policy framework that allows for innovative ways to deliver ‘affordable housing’; being a housing solution that provides for homes that are cheaper to buy or rent, whatever the planning mechanism; so long as the mechanism is robust and can be secured within a planning decision. 4.11.5 Assessment of schemes throughout the combined authority areas using a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) methodology that reflects best practice. Thresholds for HIAs should reflect the scale of the scheme and its ability to effect health outcomes. 4.11.6 Develop a policy framework that is based on empirical evidence of how good growth is delivered, rather than rely on policies based on perceived and sometimes unproven determinants of wellbeing and social inclusion. Focus policies on what really makes a difference. 4.11.7 Engagement with the combined authority, county council and CCG to understand community care and primary health care issues and needs, and to ensure facilities are available to deliver funded services.